Hans Christian Andersen. G.H
Hans Christian Andersen is an outstanding Danish writer and poet, as well as the author of world-famous fairy tales for children and adults.
He wrote such brilliant works as The Ugly Duckling, The King's New Dress, Thumbelina, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, The Princess and the Pea, Ole Lukoye, The Snow Queen and many others.
Many animated and feature films have been shot based on Andersen's works.
So in front of you short biography of Hans Andersen.
Biography of Andersen
Hans Christian Andersen was born on April 2, 1805 in the Danish city of Odense. Hans was named after his father, who was a shoemaker.
His mother, Anna Marie Andersdatter, was a poorly educated girl who worked all her life as a laundress. The family lived very poorly and barely made ends meet.
An interesting fact is that Andersen's father sincerely believed that he belonged to a noble family, since his mother told him about this. In fact, everything was quite the opposite.
To date, biographers have established for sure that the Andersen family came from the lower class.
However, this social position did not prevent Hans Andersen from becoming a great writer. Love for the boy was instilled in his father, who often read him fairy tales from different authors.
In addition, he periodically went to the theater with his son, accustoming him to high art.
Childhood and youth
When the young man was 11 years old, trouble happened in his biography: his father died. Andersen took his loss very hard, and for a long time was in a depressed state.
Studying at school also became a real test for him. He, as well as other students, was often beaten with rods by teachers for the slightest violations. For this reason, he became a very nervous and vulnerable child.
Hans soon persuaded his mother to drop out of school. After that, he began attending a charity school attended by children from poor families.
Having received basic knowledge, the young man got a job as an apprentice at a weaver. After that, Hans Andersen sewed clothes, and later worked in a tobacco factory.
An interesting fact is that while working at the factory, he had practically no friends. His colleagues mocked him in every possible way, releasing sarcastic jokes in his direction.
Once, Andersen's pants were lowered in front of everyone in order to allegedly find out what gender he was. And all because he had a high and sonorous voice, similar to a woman's.
After this incident, hard days came in Andersen's biography: he finally withdrew into himself and stopped communicating with anyone. At that point in time, Hans' only friends were wooden dolls, which his father had made for him a long time ago.
At the age of 14, the young man went to Copenhagen, because he dreamed of fame and recognition. It is worth noting that he did not have an attractive appearance.
Hans Andersen was a thin teenager with long limbs and an equally long nose. However, despite this, he was accepted into the Royal Theater, in which he played supporting roles. It is interesting that during this period he began to write his first works.
When the financier Jonas Collin saw his play on stage, he fell in love with Andersen.
As a result, Collin convinced King Frederick VI to pay for the education of a promising actor and writer from the state treasury. After that, Hans was able to study at the elite schools of Slagels and Elsinore.
It is curious that Andersen's fellow students were students who were 6 years younger than him in age. The most difficult subject for the future writer was grammar.
Andersen made a lot of spelling mistakes, for which he constantly heard reproaches from teachers.
Andersen's creative biography
Hans Christian Andersen is best known as a children's writer. More than 150 fairy tales came out from his pen, many of which have become classics of world significance. In addition to fairy tales, Andersen wrote poetry, plays, short stories and even novels.
He didn't like being called a children's writer. Andersen has repeatedly stated that he writes not only for kids, but also for adults. He even ordered that there should not be a single child on his monument, although initially he was supposed to be surrounded by children.
Monument to Hans Christian Andersen in Copenhagen It is worth noting that serious works, like novels and plays, were quite difficult for Andersen, but fairy tales were written surprisingly easily and simply. At the same time, he was inspired by any objects that were around him.
Andersen's works
Over the years of his biography, Andersen wrote many fairy tales in which one can trace. Among such fairy tales, one can single out "Flint", "Swineherd", "Wild Swans" and others.
In 1837 (when he was assassinated), Andersen published the collection Tales Told to Children. The collection immediately gained great popularity in society.
It is interesting that, despite the simplicity of Andersen's fairy tales, each of them has a deep meaning with philosophical overtones. After reading them, the child can independently understand morality and draw the right conclusions.
Andersen soon wrote the fairy tales "Thumbelina", "The Little Mermaid" and "The Ugly Duckling", which are still loved by children all over the world.
Later, Hans wrote the novels "Two Baronesses" and "To Be or Not to Be", designed for an adult audience. However, these works went unnoticed, since Andersen was perceived primarily as a children's writer.
Andersen's most popular fairy tales are The King's New Dress, The Ugly Duckling, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, Thumbelina, The Princess and the Pea, Ole Lukoye, and The Snow Queen.
Personal life
Some biographers of Andersen suggest that the great storyteller was not indifferent to the male sex. Such conclusions are drawn on the basis of the surviving romantic letters that he wrote to men.
It is worth noting that officially he was never married and had no children. In his diaries, he later admitted that he had decided to give up intimate relationships with women, because they did not reciprocate.
Hans Christian Andersen reading a book to children In the biography of Hans Andersen, there were at least 3 girls for whom he felt sympathy. Even at a young age, he fell in love with Riborg Voigt, but never dared to confess his feelings to her.
The next beloved of the writer was Louise Collin. She turned down Andersen's proposal and married a wealthy lawyer.
In 1846, there was another passion in Andersen's biography: he fell in love with the opera singer Jenny Lind, who charmed him with her voice.
After her speeches, Hans gave her flowers and recited poetry, trying to achieve reciprocity. However, this time he failed to win a woman's heart.
Soon the singer married a British composer, as a result of which the unfortunate Andersen fell into depression. An interesting fact is that later Jenny Lind will become the prototype of the famous Snow Queen.
Death
At the age of 67, Andersen fell out of bed and received many serious bruises. Over the next 3 years, he suffered from his injuries, but was never able to recover from them.
Hans Christian Andersen died on August 4, 1875 at the age of 70. The great storyteller was buried at the Assistance Cemetery in Copenhagen.
Andersen's photo
At the end you can see the most famous Andersen. I must say that Hans Christian was not distinguished by an attractive appearance. However, under his clumsy and even ridiculous appearance was an incredibly refined, deep, wise and loving person.
Hans Christian Andersen is a Danish writer. World fame brought him fairy tales, which combine romance and realism, fantasy and humor, a satirical beginning with irony. based on folklore<Огниво>), imbued with humanism, lyricism and humor (<Стойкий оловянный солдатик>, <Гадкий утенок>, <Русалочка>, <Снежная королева>), fairy tales condemn social inequality, selfishness, self-interest, complacency of the powerful (<Новое платье короля>).
Andersen's contemporaries were outraged by the fairy tales "The King's New Clothes" and "The Flint". Critics saw in them a lack of morality and respect for high persons. This, above all, was observed in the scene when the dog brings the princess at night to the soldier's closet at night. Contemporaries believed that fairy tales were intended exclusively for children and did not feel the originality of the creative manner of the Danish writer.
However, contemporaries knew, unlike many of us, not only Andersen the storyteller. Andersen's creative heritage is much more extensive: 5 novels and the story "Lucky Per", more than 20 plays, countless poems, 5 books of travel essays, memoirs "The Tale of My Life", extensive correspondence, diaries. And all these works of different genres in their own way contributed to the creation of Andersen's original literary fairy tale, about which the Norwegian writer Bjornstjerne Martinus Bjornson rightly noted that it “has both drama, and romance, and philosophy.
Biography of Hans Christian Andersen
Hans Christian Andersen was born on April 2, 1805 in Denmark, in the small town of Odense on the island of Funen. Andersen's father, Hans Andersen (1782-1816), was a poor shoemaker, his mother, Anna Marie Andersdatter (1775-1833), also came from a poor family: as a child, she even had to beg, worked as a laundress, and after her death was buried in a cemetery for the poor.
In Denmark, there is a legend about Andersen's royal origin, because in an early biography Andersen wrote that as a child he played with Prince Frits, later King Frederick VII, who, according to Andersen, was his only friend. Andersen's friendship with Prince Frits, according to Andersen's fantasy, continued until the latter's death. The credibility of this legend is given by the fact that, in addition to relatives, only Hans Christian Andersen was admitted to the royal coffin. However, do not forget that by that time, Andersen had turned from the son of a shoemaker into a symbol and pride of Denmark.
And the reason for this fantasy was the stories of the boy's father that he is a relative of the king. From childhood, the future writer showed a penchant for dreaming and writing, often staging impromptu home performances. Hans grew up refined and nervous, emotional and receptive. An ordinary school, where in those days physical punishment was practiced, caused him only fear and hostility. For this reason, his parents sent him to a Jewish school, where there were no such punishments. Hence Andersen's forever preserved connection with the Jewish people and knowledge of its traditions and culture; he wrote several fairy tales and stories on Jewish topics - they were not translated into Russian.
In 1816, Andersen's father died, and the boy had to work for food. He was an apprentice first to a weaver, then to a tailor. Andersen then worked in a cigarette factory.
At the age of 14, Andersen left for Copenhagen: he dreamed of getting into the theater. Whether he saw himself as a famous artist or director, what he dreamed of in his dreams, only that lanky boy, clumsy as the Ugly Duckling from the fairy tale he wrote later, knew. In life, he was ready for the smallest roles. But even that was a lot of work. There was everything: fruitless trips to famous artists, requests and even nervous tears. Finally, thanks to his perseverance and pleasant voice, despite his awkward figure, Hans was admitted to the Royal Theater, where he played minor roles. This did not last long: the age-related breakdown of his voice deprived him of the opportunity to perform on stage.
Andersen, meanwhile, composed a play in 5 acts and wrote a letter to the king, convincing him to give money for its publication. This book also included poetry. The experience was unsuccessful - they did not want to buy the book. In the same way, they did not want to stage the play in the theater, where young Andersen went, still not losing hope.
But on the other hand, people who sympathized with the poor and sensitive young man petitioned the King of Denmark, Frederick VI, who allowed him to study at a school in the town of Slagels, and then at another school in Elsinore at the expense of the treasury. The students at the school were 6 years younger than Andersen, so relations with them did not work out. Strict rules did not cause love either, and the rector's critical attitude left such an unpleasant aftertaste for life that Andersen once wrote that he had seen him in nightmares for many years.
In 1827, Andersen completed his studies, but he did not really have a literacy: until the end of his life, he made many grammatical errors.
In 1829, Andersen's published fantasy story "Hiking from the Holmen Canal to the Eastern End of Amager" brought fame to the writer. Little was written before 1833, when Andersen received a cash allowance from the king, which allowed him to make his first trip abroad. Since that time, Andersen has been writing a large number of literary works, including in 1835 the Fairy Tales that made him famous.
In the 1840s, Andersen tried to return to the stage, but without much success. At the same time, he confirmed his talent by publishing the collection "A Picture Book without Pictures". The fame of his Tales grew; The 2nd issue of "Tales" was started in 1838, and the 3rd - in 1845.
By this time he was already a famous writer, widely known in Europe. In June 1847, Andersen first came to England and was awarded a triumphant meeting. In the second half of the 1840s and in the following years, Andersen continued to publish novels and plays, trying in vain to become famous as a playwright and novelist.
Andersen was angry when he was called a children's storyteller and said that he wrote fairy tales for both children and adults. For the same reason, he ordered that there should not be a single child on his monument, where the storyteller was originally supposed to be surrounded by children.
The last tale was written by Andersen on Christmas Day 1872. In 1872, Andersen fell out of bed, badly hurt himself and never recovered from his injuries, although he lived for another three years. He died on August 4, 1875 and is buried at the Assistens Cemetery in Copenhagen.
Biography of Hans Christian Andersen (for children)
Among the writers of Denmark of the XIX century. Hans Christian Andersen became the most famous outside the country. He was born in the provincial Danish town of Odense, on the island of Funen. The father of the writer-storyteller was a shoemaker, his mother was a laundress. In Andersen's story "The Lost", the washerwoman's son in light patched clothes, shod in heavy wooden shoes, runs to the river, where his mother, knee-deep in ice-cold water, rinses someone else's linen. This is how Andersen remembered his childhood.
But even then he had joyful, precious moments when his father read to his son amazing tales from the Thousand and One Nights, wise fables, funny comedies, and mother, grandmother or old neighbors told amazing folk tales in the evenings, which many years later Andersen - told his children. Hans Christian studied at a school for the poor, participated in an amateur puppet theater, where he improvised funny scenes, intertwining life observations with childish fiction.
His father died early, and the little boy had to work in a garment factory. At the age of fourteen, Andersen, with a bundle in his hand and ten coins in his pocket, came on foot to the capital of Denmark, Copenhagen. He brought with him a notebook in which, with monstrous spelling errors, he wrote down his first compositions in large letters. Only at the age of seventeen did he again manage to sit at a desk next to little boys in order to continue his education. Five years later, Andersen became a student at the University of Copenhagen.
Poverty, hunger, humiliation did not prevent him from writing poetry, comedies, dramas. In 1831, Andersen created the first fairy tale, and starting from 1835, almost every year he gave children collections of amazing fairy tales for the New Year.
Andersen traveled a lot. He lived in Germany for a long time, visited Italy more than once, visited England, France, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Turkey, even Africa. He was friends with many poets, writers, composers.
We often meet with Hans Christian Andersen in his fairy tales. We also recognize him in that student from the fairy tale “Flowers of Little Ida”, who knew how to tell the most wonderful stories and cut magnificent palaces and intricate figures out of paper; and in the magician Ole-Lukoe; and in the cheerful man from the fairy tale "Spruce", who, sitting under the tree, told the children about the lucky Klumpe-Dumpe; and in the lonely old man from the fairy tale "Elder Mother", about whom they said that, whatever he touches, whatever he looks at, a fairy tale comes out of everything. So Andersen knew how to turn any little thing into a fairy tale, and for this he did not need a magic wand.
Andersen passionately loved simple, hardworking people, sympathized with the poor and unfairly offended: Little Klaus, who plowed his field only on Sundays, because six days a week he worked in the field of Big Klaus; a poor woman who lived in the attic and went out every morning to heat stoves in other people's houses, leaving her sick daughter at home; gardener Larsen, who grew amazing fruits and flowers for his arrogant masters. Andersen hated all those who believe that money can buy everything, that nothing in the world is more valuable than wealth, and dreamed of happiness for all people with a kind heart and skillful hands.
In Andersen's fairy tales, as if in a magic miniaturizing mirror, pictures of the real life of bourgeois Denmark of the last century were reflected. Therefore, even in his fantastic tales there is so much deep life truth.
Andersen's favorite heroes are the Nightingale, who sang loudly and sweetly, who lived in a green forest by the sea; this is the Ugly Duckling, whom everyone offends; A tin soldier who always held firm, even in the dark belly of a big fish.
In Andersen's fairy tales, happy is not the one who lived his life for himself, but the one who brought joy and hope to people. Happy is the rose bush, which every day gave the world new roses, and not the snail, clogged in its shell (“The Snail and the Rose Bush”). And of the five peas that grew in one pod (“Five from one pod”), the most remarkable was not the one that grew fertile in the musty water of the gutter and was proud that it would soon burst, but the one that sprouted in the crack of the wooden window sill under the attic window. The sprout released green leaves, the stalk twisted around the twine, and one spring morning a light pink flower blossomed ... The life of this pea was not in vain - every day the green plant brought new joy to the sick girl.
Many years have passed since the death of the great storyteller, and we still hear his living wise voice.
Materials used:
Wikipedia, Encyclopedia for children
04/02/1805, Odense - 08/01/1875, Copenhagen
Danish writer, storyteller
It is absolutely impossible to believe that Andersen was in fact.
Yes, Ole-Lukoye could compose all these fairy tales, but just a man - no. It’s just that a person doesn’t know what a darning needle is thinking about, doesn’t hear what a rose bush and a family of gray sparrows are talking about, he can’t make out what color the dress of the elf princess, who has been called Thumbelina for some time now ...
Okay, so be it, even if it really was composed by some extraordinary person named Andersen, but then, it means that it was terribly long ago, God knows when and in some special place that is hard to even imagine, and Andersen himself is blond, like elf... no! like a prince...
And then, suddenly, a photograph.
Well, at least a portrait in watercolor or a thin sketch with a feather! No, it's not: photography. One, another, third. And everywhere such a face ... a little ... a little funny, a nose so long, long ... True, the hair still curls, but is this man? ..
Yes.
Yes, yes, this one. And please stop staring so shamelessly. Hans Christian suffered all his life because he seemed ugly to himself. And if you think that Andersen's fairy tales were born on velvet pillows, between lace cuffs and golden candlesticks, then you are deeply mistaken ... 
… In the small country of Denmark there is a small island of Funen, and on it is the city of Odense, which may seem small or large, depending on how you count. Now six thousand people can live in one skyscraper, and in 1805 six thousand lived in the entire city of Odense, and at the same time it was the capital of the island of Funen.
Hans Christian Andersen's father's name was Hans Christian Andersen and he was a shoemaker. Shoemakers are different - poor and rich. Andersen was poor. He actually did not want to be a shoemaker at all, he dreamed of only two joys - to study and travel. And since neither one nor the other succeeded, he endlessly read and reread to his son fairy tales called "A Thousand and One Nights" and took him for a walk in the vicinity of the quiet city of Odense, which, probably, was still small, if already through for a few minutes it was possible to go out into the fields.
The elder Hans Christian Andersen died very early, but still managed to do another great thing - to go with his son to the theater, which, imagine, was in the very small city of Odense.
This is where it all started!
Do you think the great storyteller Andersen was going to become a storyteller or even a writer? Nothing like this. He wanted to become an actor and only an actor, he wanted to sing on stage, dance and recite poetry. Moreover, he did all this well, and the local nobility of the city of Odense looked with curiosity at the thin, thin, terribly long and completely ugly boy who sang so loudly and could read poetry for hours.
Now tell me, please, at what age should a person show his character, and when, finally, is it time to take the first decisive action? 
Andersen left home when he was fourteen years old. Oh, how his mother cried! She was a laundress, she knew that the water in the Odense River is very cold and it is difficult to earn a living. She knew how bad it was to be poor and how good it would be if her son learned to be a tailor and finally began to earn money ... He also cried, but firmly held a bundle with several coins and a festive dress in his hand. She said: “Why?!” He answered her: "To become famous!" And he also explained to his mother that for this you need to go through a lot, a lot.
If only he knew how right he was then, at fourteen! ..
Don't you think that all this is very similar to a fairy tale? Now there will be several adventures, then the hero will defeat everyone, marry the princess ...
When Hans Christian Andersen wrote his autobiography, he called it "The Tale of My Life". But to be honest, this long story didn't seem like a fairy tale adventure with a happy ending.
... When the actor did not work out of him, Andersen began to write. First poetry, plays and vaudeville, then novels. He wrote a lot, suffered terribly, because for a long time no one liked his compositions. Only in 1835, Hans Christian, already thirty years old, still poor and almost unknown, finally wrote on a piece of paper: “A soldier was walking along the road: one or two! one-two! A knapsack on his back, a saber on his side, he was walking home from the war ... "
It was a fairy tale "Flint". And it was the beginning of a new life, not only for a lanky strange Dane named Andersen, but for all people who can read.
It turned out that fairy tales do not need to be composed. They just need to be awakened. “I have a lot of material Andersen wrote, sometimes it seems to me that every fence, every little flower says: “Look at me, and the story of my whole life will be revealed to you!” And as soon as I do this, I have a story about any of them ready.
The first collection, published in 1835, was called Tales Told to Children. Then there were "New Tales", "Stories" (in fact, also fairy tales), and finally - "New Tales and Stories".
They scattered around the world almost instantly, they were translated into different languages and into Russian too. Andersen knew about it. He even received his own volume in Russian as a gift and replied to the first translators with a very kind letter. 
You see: this man has achieved his goal! He became world famous. In all European capitals, they were ready to endlessly accept and honor the “great storyteller”, and the native city of Odense declared the laundress’s son to be its honorary citizen, and on the day this celebration took place, fireworks thundered in the city, all the children were released from school, and a crowd of enthusiastic residents shouted "Hurrah" in the square! The most famous people of that time, writers and poets, became friends or at least acquaintances of Andersen. He traveled all over the world and saw what his father once dreamed of... So what's the matter?!
One researcher wrote: “It must have been very strange for Andersen to live among ordinary people…”
This is the truth. Strange, a little scary, a little more offensive and, in the end, lonely.
He died in the house of friends ... Of course, it’s good that he had friends, but after all, he wasn’t at home. They admired him, they were polite with him, but one of his closest friends refused to tell Hans Christian "you", because the friend was an aristocrat, and Andersen's surname ended in "sen" - like the names of all commoners in Denmark. As for the princess ... He fell in love more than once, but all the "princesses" admired his works, offered friendly participation - and nothing more. Mom died when he was on a long journey. And on the day of Andersen's death in Denmark, national mourning was declared.
But there is no need to be sad. Do you remember how the fairy tale about flax ends? Now it has already become paper, and the paper was thrown into a burning furnace, and the paper turned into dead ash, carefree children jump around and sing a song, and above the ashes, above the heads of the children rise up "invisible tiny creatures", and they rise with these words: “The song never ends, that's the most wonderful thing! I know this and therefore I am happier than everyone!”
Irina Linkova
WORKS OF H.K. ANDERSEN
COLLECTED WORKS: In 4 volumes / Il. M. Petrova. - M.: Terra, 1995.
The most complete edition of Andersen over the past 110 years is a real gift to both children and adults. Two volumes of fairy tales, stories and stories, in the third volume - the novel "Improviser", plays and poems. In the fourth volume, you can finally read the autobiographical "The Tale of My Life" and Andersen's correspondence with friends and contemporaries. These four volumes are a tribute to the memory of the Russian publishers who published the first collected works of the Danish writer in St. Petersburg in 1895.
COLLECTED WORKS: In 2 volumes / Khudozh. W. Pedersen, A. Frelich. - M.: Algorithm, 1998.
Among the fairy tales collected here are rare and almost forgotten - "Garden of Eden", "Angel", "Road Comrade", "Ice Maiden". Andersen preferred drawings by Wilhelm Pedersen to all others.
- NOVEL -
IMPROVISER: Roman: Per. from dates - St. Petersburg: Amphora, 2000. - 383 p. - (New collection).
The first novel finally brought Andersen fame. Perhaps this sun penetrated the book and filled it with light - the sun of Italy, through which the young Dane traveled. His hero was also born there - the poor orphan Antonio, endowed with a poetic gift and a talent for improvisation.
JUST A VIOLINIST: Roman / Per. from dates S. Belokrinitskaya. - M.: Text, 2001. - 352 p.
The hero of the second novel is even closer to Andersen - his name is also Christian, he is the son of a poor man, grew up on the island of Funen and dreams of fame and travel. Let him remain only a violinist playing at rural holidays, and the stork he saved will not be able to fly to distant lands ...
But on the other hand, a swallow will fly there, warmed by Thumbelina.
- FAIRY TALES -
BEST TALES / Il. A. Arkhipova. - M.: Egmont Russia, 2003. - 200 p.: ill.
And indeed the best: "The Swineherd", "The Princess and the Pea", "The Snow Queen", "The King's New Dress", "The Steadfast Tin Soldier", "The Little Match Girl", "The Little Mermaid" and "Spruce".
TALES / Per. from dates A. and P. Hansen; Il. G. Tegner. - M.: OLMA-PRESS, 2005. - 351 p.: ill.
Playback ed.: St. Petersburg: Publishing house Devrien, 1899.
The names of Anna and Peter Ganzen - the first and best translators of Andersen's works into Russian - are known almost as well as the name of the storyteller himself. But not everyone knows that the Little Mermaid was first called the Sea Princess, and Thumbelina - Lizok S Vershok ...
FAIRY TALES / Art. V. Pivovarov. - M.: Det. lit., 1992. - 246 p.: ill.
When a person is five years old, he already knows how beautiful Thumbelina is, and how brave the Tin Soldier is. It's time to think about what a good writer - Andersen. And for this, read such a collection - not yet very large, but already diverse.
- PIECES -
PIECES-TALES / Intro. Art. Vl. Matusevich; Artistic T. Tolstaya. - M.: Art, 1963. - 175 p.: ill.
Everyone loves Andersen's fairy tales. And almost no one knows his plays. So, please, a collection of three compositions for the stage, which are considered the best in the whole great dramatic heritage of the Danish writer: “More expensive than pearls and gold”, “Ole Lukoye”, “Elder Mother”.
- POETRY -
DENMARK - MY HOMELAND; ROSE: Poems / Poetry of the peoples of the world. - M.: Det. lit., 1986. - S. 445-446.
Irina Linkova, Margarita Pereslegina
LITERATURE ABOUT THE LIFE AND WORK OF H.K. ANDERSEN
Andersen, Hans Christian (1805-1875) // Great literary encyclopedia for schoolchildren and students. - M.: Slovo: OLMA-PRESS, 2004. - S. 9-10.
Beketova M.A. G.-H. Andersen, his life and literary activity. - M.: Elibron Classics, 2001. - 76 p.
Belousov R. Andersen's bag: [About the storyteller's house in Odense and the monument to the Little Mermaid in Copenhagen] // Belousov R. From the genealogy of book heroes. - M.: Sov. Russia, 1974. - S. 243-249.
Block B. Notes for the characterization of H.K. Andersen; Andersen H.K. Tale of my life: Fragment // Western European literary tale. - M.: AST: Olimp, 1998. - S. 401-458.
Braude L.Yu. Hans Christian Andersen: Book. for students. - Ed. 3rd, dorab. - M.: Enlightenment, 1987. - 143 p.: ill.
Grönbeck B. Hans Christian Andersen: A Life; Creation; Personality: Per. from dates - M.: Progress, 1979. - 237 p.: ill.
Kokorin A. In the country of the great storyteller. - M.: Sov. artist, 1988. - 191 p.: ill.
Kokorin A. How I drew the fairy tales of H.K. Andersen. - M.: Malysh, 1988. - 25 p.: ill.
Meichner F. The ugly duckling: The life story of the storyteller H.K. Andersen: Abbr. per. with him. - M.: Det. lit., 1967. - 127 p.
Paustovsky K.G. Night stagecoach // Paustovsky K.G. Golden Rose. - L .: Det. lit., 1987. - S. 148-159.
Sharov A. Life in a fairy tale: Miguel de Cervantes; Hans Christian Andersen // Sharov A. Wizards come to people. - M.: Det. lit., 1985. - S. 309-317.
Shevarov D. Thumbelina from Kasimov: [About Anna Vasilievna and Peter Gottfridovich Ganzenakh - translators of the works of H.K. Andersen] // Andersen H.K. Mermaid. - M.: Sunday, 1996. - S. 392-396.
Yanyshev S. Hans Christian Andersen // Encyclopedia for Children: T. 15: Part 2: World Literature: XIX and XX centuries. - M.: Avanta +, 2001. - S. 199-202.
Andersen in Russian Literature: Writers about the Writer / Comp. B.A. Erkhova. - M.: Rudomino, 1997. - 124 p.: ill.
A small anthology of poems and prose passages from the works of Russian writers; works,"inspired by Andersen's images and recreating them" , - from plays by E.L. Schwartz to poems by N.N. Matveeva and B.Sh. Okudzhava.
M.P.
SCREENSING OF THE WORKS OF H.K. ANDERSEN
- ART FILMS -
Wild swan. Dir. H.Karis. Estonia, 1987.
More expensive than pearls and gold. Recorded on film performance of the Moscow t-ra "Contemporary". USSR, 1980.
Galoshes of happiness. Dir. Y. Hertz. Bratislava, 1986.
Little match seller. Dir. J. Renoir. France, 1928.
Fairy autumn gift. Dir. V. Bychkov. Comp. E. Krylatov. USSR, 1984. Cast: V. Nikulin, A. Ravikovich, E. Steblov, B. Brondukov, E. Vasilieva, L. Akhedzhakova and others.
Princess on the Pea. Based on the fairy tales "The Princess and the Pea", "Swineherd", "Road Comrade", "The Most Incredible". Scene. F.Mironer. Dir. B. Rytsarev. Music by Antonio Vivaldi. USSR, 1976. Cast: I. Smoktunovsky, A. Freindlikh, A. Podoshyan, A. Kalyagin, I. Malysheva, I. Kvasha, V. Zeldin, E. Steblov and others.
Mermaid. Scene. V. Vitkovich, G. Jagdfeld. Dir. V. Bychkov. Comp. E. Krylatov. The film also features renaissance lute music. USSR-NRB, 1976. Cast: Vika Novikova, V. Nikulin, Yu. Senkevich, G. Artyomova, G. Volchek, M. Pugovkin, A. Fait and others.
Mermaid. Dir. K. Kahinya. Czechoslovakia, 1977.
The Snow Queen. Scene. E. Schwartz. Dir. G.Kazansky. Comp. N. Simonyan. USSR, 1966. Cast: Lena Proklova, Slava Tsyupa, V. Nikitenko, E. Melnikova, N. Klimova, O. Wiklandt, N. Boyarsky, E. Leonov, V. Titova and others.
Nightingale. Scene. M. Volpina. Dir. N. Kosheverova. Comp. M. Weinberg. USSR, 1979. Cast: S. Smirnova, Y. Vasiliev, A. Vokach, Z. Gerdt, N. Trofimov, S. Filippov, N. Karachentsov, M. Barabanova and others.
Old, old story. Based on the fairy tale "Flint". Scene. Y. Dunsky, V. Frida. Dir. N. Kosheverova. Comp. A. Petrov. USSR, 1968. Cast: O. Dahl, M. Neyolova, V. Etush, G. Vitsin, V. Titova, I. Dmitriev, V. Perevalov, G. Shtil and others.
Shadow. Scene. Y. Dunsky, V. Frida. Dir. N. Kosheverova. Comp. A.Eshpay. USSR, 1971. Cast: O. Dahl, M. Neyolova, A. Vertinskaya, L. Gurchenko, A. Mironov, V. Etush, Z. Gerdt, S. Filippov, G. Vitsin and others.
Shadow, or Maybe, everything will work out. Dir. M. Kozakov. Comp. V. Dashkevich. USSR, 1991. Cast: K. Raikin, M. Neyolova, M. Dyuzheva, V. Nevinny, S. Mishulin and others.
- CARTOONS -
Ugly duck. Scene. G. Berezko. Dir. V. Degtyarev. Comp. E. Kolmanovsky. USSR, 1956.
Girl with matches. Scene. Yu.Dashevsky. Dir. V. Nikitin. Comp. D. Yanov-Yanovsky. Uzbekistan, 1995.
Girl with matches. Scene. and dir. I. Kodyukova. Belarus, 1996.
Wild swan. Scene. E. Ryssa, L. Trauberg. Dir. V. Tsekhanovskaya, M. Tsekhanovsky. Comp. A. Varlamov. USSR, 1962. Roles were voiced by: S. Martinson, E. Garin, E. Ponsova, V. Sergachev and others.
Brownie and hostess. Scene. M. Vishnevetskaya. Dir. I. Douksha, M. Buzinova. Comp. A. Bykanov. USSR, 1988.
Thumbelina. Scene. N. Erdman. Dir. L. Amalrik. Comp. N. Bogoslovsky. USSR, 1964. Roles were voiced by: I. Pototskaya, E. Garin, S. Martinson, E. Ponsova, M. Yanshin and others.
Thumbelina. Dir. Yu.Sarikawa. Japan, 1978.
Spruce. Dir. A.Solin. Comp. V. Babushkin. USSR, 1984.
The king's new dress. Scene. M. Vishnevetskaya. Dir. M. Buzinova, I. Douksha. Comp. I. Egikov. USSR, 1990.
Shepherdess and Chimney Sweep. Scene. V. Suteeva. Dir. L. Atamanov. Comp. A. Babaev. USSR, 1965. Roles were voiced by: A. Shabarin, L. Gnilova, M. Yanshin, S. Martinson, A. Papanov and others.
Princess of the underwater kingdom: Based on the fairy tale "The Little Mermaid". Japan.
Swan Princes: Based on the fairy tale "Wild Swans". Japan.
Mermaid. Scene. A. Galich. Dir. I. Aksenchuk. Comp. A. Lokshin. USSR, 1968. Roles were voiced by: N. Gulyaeva, Yu. Yulskaya, L. Koroleva, V. Troshin, R. Makagonova, A. Papanov.
Mermaid. Dir. J. Musker, R. Clemens. Comp. A. Menken. USA, 1991.
Swineherd. Scene. J. Vitenzon. Dir. M. Buzinova, I. Douksha. Comp. M. Ziv. USSR, 1980. Roles were voiced by: V. Baikov, G. Roninson, L. Krylova and others.
Piggy bank. Scene. A. Kumma, S. Runge. Dir. L. Milchin. Comp. Ya. Frenkel. The film also uses the music of S. Rachmaninov. USSR, 1963. Roles were voiced by: I. Kartasheva, S. Zeits, E. Garin, E. Ponsova, M. Vinogradova.
The Snow Queen. Scene. N. Erdman, L. Atamanov, G. Grebner. Dir. L. Atamanov. Comp. A. Ayvazyan. USSR, 1957. Roles were voiced by: Y. Zheymo, V. Gribkov, M. Babanova, G. Kozhakina and others.
Nightingale. Dir. Zh.Danenov, G.Kistauov. USSR, 1986.
The Steadfast Tin Soldier. Scene. A.Akhundova. Dir. L. Milchin. Comp. Ya. Frenkel. USSR, 1976. Roles were voiced by: S. Zeitz, M. Vinogradova, A. Konsovsky.
M.P.
Andersen H.K. Thumbelina
The fairy tales of Hans Christian Andersen could be left without explanation. And yet we did not dare to “deprive” the great storyteller in this way. Therefore, we offer a small "fabulous" comment from Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak and a very small and modest one from us.
The writer about the writer
From the article by S.Ya.Marshak "Master of dreams and fairy tales":
“He enters our homes before we learned to read, - he enters with a light, almost inaudible step, like the magician glorified by him, the master of dreams and fairy tales, little Ole-luk-oye, - the same Ole-close-eyes that appears at children's beds in the evenings, without shoes, in thick stockings, with two umbrellas under their arms.
One of his umbrellas is all embroidered and painted with colorful patterns and pictures. Ole reveals it over the good kids. The other umbrella is sleek, simple, no pictures. If it is opened above you, you will see nothing but darkness at night.
Andersen is kinder than his little Luk-oye. He never leaves you in the dark.
The colorful umbrella that he opens above you is the fabulous sky of Andersen's world, embroidered with wonderful, unexpected patterns. They can be looked at endlessly.".
The full article “Master of Dreams and Tales” can be found in the fourth volume of the collected works of S.Ya. Marshak (M .: Pravda, 1990. - S. 18-21).
Little advice
What constellation in this huge Andersen sky to show the baby first? Of course, "Thumbelina". After all, this light and transparent fairy tale is the best way to get to know each other. And over time, the child (with or without your help) will become a real "astronomer" himself.
Picture gallery
Fairy tales of H.K. Andersen were illustrated by the best artists of the world. Our list does not claim to be exhaustive, it just gives you the opportunity to name your favorite names.
V. Alfeevsky - Andersen G.Kh. Tales and stories. - M.: Square, 1992.
N. Barbotchenko- Andersen H.K. Thumbelina. - M.: Malysh, 1977.
N. Basmanova - Andersen G.Kh. Thumbelina. - L .: Artist of the RSFSR, 1975.
Benvenuti - Andersen G.-H. Fairy tales. - Sofia: Narodna Mlodezh, 1965.
N. Goltz - Andersen H.K. Thumbelina. - M.: EKSMO, 2002.
Y. Gukova - Andersen G.-H. Thumbelina. - L .: Printing House, 1990.
B. Dekhterev - Andersen H.K. Thumbelina. - M.: Det. lit., 1985.
B. Diodorov - Andersen G.Kh. Fairy tales. - M.: Arbor, 2004.
A. Kokorin - Andersen H.K. Fairy tales. - M.: Politizdat, 1990.
V.Konashevich- Andersen G.-H. Fairy tales. - M.: Rosmen, 2001.
V.Pivovarov - Andersen G.-H. Fairy tales. - M.: Det. lit., 1992.
From the latest editions:
Andersen G.Kh. The big book of the best fairy tales by G.Kh. Andersen / Il. N. Goltz. - M.: Eksmo, 2008. - 208 p.: ill. - (Golden Tales).
Andersen G.Kh. Thumbelina / Per. from dates A. Hansen; Artistic N. Kudryavtseva. - M.: MAK-media, 2002. - 63 p.: ill. - (Animated series).
Andersen H.K. Thumbelina / Art. L.Yakshis. - M.: Makhaon, 2003. - 16 p.: ill. - (Read me a story).
Andersen H.K. Best fairy tales / Khudozh. A. Arkhipova. - M.: Egmont, 2003. - 199 p.: ill.
Andersen H.K. Tales / Per. from dates A. Hansen; Artistic N. Goltz. - M.: Eksmo, 2007. - 224 p.: ill.
Andersen G.Kh. Tales / Ill. C. Birmingham. - M.: Rosmen, 2006. - 56 p.: ill.
Andersen H.K. Tales / Per. from dates A. Hansen; Artistic M. Fedorov. - M.: Strekoza-Press, 2003. - 125 p.: ill. - (Classics - for children).
Fairy tales for all times / Khudozh. M. Fedorov. - M.: Bustard-plus, 2007. - 192 p.: ill. - (Golden collection of fairy tales).
Name: Hans Christian Andersen
Age: 70 years old
Place of Birth: Odense, Denmark
A place of death: Copenhagen, Denmark
Activity: writer, poet, storyteller
Family status: not married
Hans Christian Andersen - Biography
Who is unfamiliar with Andersen? Perhaps there is no such person. If they don’t know his last name, then they certainly know all of his fairy-tale heroes. His works are still being republished, films are made based on them and cartoons are drawn. They are included in the compulsory school curriculum. And not to get acquainted with the biography of this amazing person is just a crime.
Childhood, family
Hans Christian Andersen was born into the family of a shoemaker and laundress. The town in Denmark where the family lived was small. The father always read fairy tales to the boy. And the theater was the child's favorite pastime. Puppets for the home theater were made by ourselves. They were made of wood and sewn patchwork clothes for them. Hans was happy to compose various stories, and he had a rich imagination. Only now he did not know how to write down at that time, only at the age of ten he was able to comprehend the basics of science. But the biography of the baby's education began usually, like everyone else.
Hans was taken to the "learned" glover, but she once used a rod on the boy as a punishment. Andersen, defiantly taking his primer, proudly left the house of his so-called teacher. When the boy was 11 years old, there was no dreamer and intercessor. The head of the family died, and the only man left, Hans, had to earn his own. They could only take him as an apprentice. At first he worked at a cloth factory, then he got a job at a tobacco factory.
Predictions
One day, the mother turned to a fortuneteller to find out about the fate of her son. Great was her surprise when she heard that Hans was going to be famous. And then miracles began, with which the biography of the writer abounds. Once a real puppet theater came to the city on tour, which needed an artist. Hans managed to get this free seat. Puppeteers gave performances for rich people.
The boy dreamed of becoming an actor in the royal theater, for this rich people were needed - one colonel gave Hans good recommendations. At the age of 14, the future great storyteller, with the blessing of his mother, left for Copenhagen. He went to become famous.
Andersen's independent life
Everything went well, the boy had a well-trained voice, and he was assigned small roles. Hans grew up and was fired from the theater as an unpromising actor. But we must pay tribute to his imagination, which the poet Ingeman managed to notice. The ruling at that time Frederick VI wrote a petition asking him to provide Andersen with a free education.
I had to endure the ridicule of classmates who were six years younger. The teachers could not explain the rules of grammar to the student, so until the end of his life this science remained incomprehensible.
Writer's career, books
As a writer, Hans Christian Andersen began to take shape at the age of 25, when his first fantasy story was published. Hans gets the opportunity to see Europe while traveling on the money from the royal prize. Andersen had already firmly decided that he would write fairy tales. And when his stories began to diverge in large numbers, the journalists asked who tells the author stories. The storyteller was quite surprised by this question. Why is what he writes about not seen by his readers?
Tales of Andersen
How can you now do without the "Snow Queen", "Thumbelina" and "The Little Mermaid"? Thanks to Andersen, everyone can test the crowned lady and find out if she is a real princess. You can learn courage from the Steadfast Tin Soldier, and from the Ugly Duckling loyalty and simplicity. In Denmark, there are monuments not only to the storyteller, but also to his heroes: the incomparable Little Mermaid, Ole Lukoya with his invariable multi-colored umbrella of dreams.
This passion for fairy tales helped their author to look optimistically at his fate. Even before his death, Andersen did not part with the undying genre of fairy tales. While cleaning the room after the death of Hans Christian, they found an almost completed magical story, another fairy tale in handwritten form, lying under his pillow.
Hans Christian Andersen - biography of personal life
The great storyteller, inventor and dreamer was not married, he had no children. The storyteller had men and women as friends. The great Andersen had no sexual relations with either women or men. The first potential lover was the sister of a comrade, to whom he did not dare to confess his feelings. With the second chosen one, Hans was passionate and in love, but all his efforts were rejected in favor of a successful lawyer.
The third beloved woman was an opera singer, who favorably accepted the courtship of the young man. Jenny accepted gifts from Andersen and married British composer Otto Goldschmidt. In the future, it was she who served as the prototype for the Snow Queen, a woman with a cold heart.
In Paris, he was a frequent visitor to the red-light districts, but for the most part the storyteller talked with young ladies about his life. The biography of the writer, who had liver cancer, was coming to its logical conclusion. And before his death, he fell out of bed, hurt himself very badly, lived for another three years, never recovering from his injuries during the fall.
Bibliography, books, fairy tales
– Travel on foot from the Holmen Canal to the eastern cape of the island of Amager
- Love on the Nikolaev Tower
– Agnetha and Vodyanoy
– Improviser
- Only violinist
– Fairy tales told for children
- The Steadfast Tin Soldier
– Picture book without pictures
– Nightingale
- Ugly duck
- The Snow Queen
- Girl with matches
- Shadow
- Two baronesses
- To be or not to be
→ Portraits
Random excerpt from the text: Farid ad-din Attar. Stories about saints. Hazrat Ibrahim ben Adham
... Ibrahim said: “Once I bought a slave and asked him what his name was. He replied, "Whatever you want to call me." I asked him what he would like to eat. He replied, "Whatever you want to give me." I asked what clothes he would wear. "The one you give me." Then I asked what kind of work he prefers to do. "The one you ask me to do." I asked him, "What do you want?" - "I'm just a slave, how can I want something?" I thought to myself, “If only I could become a slave of the Lord and obey His will like this slave!” ... Full text
Portraits of H.K. Andersen
There are few paintings with portraits of the dear storyteller, and the reason for this is unknown to me, I can only state this fact. There are many more of his photographs, despite the fact that in Andersen's time the art of photography was just beginning to become popular.
All images are taken from the website of the Hans Christian Andersen Museum, which is part of the Odense City Museum (the birthplace of the writer) - Odense City Museums - Hans Christian Andersen Museum. They may not be used for commercial purposes without the written permission of the museum.
You can click on the picture and open a new page with a larger illustration and more information about the picture.
Translation from English was made by me, English text is for reference.
Vasily Petrovich
Painter: Christian August Jensen, 1836 Location: Denmark |
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Location: Gresten Castle, Denmark |
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Location: Dresden, Germany |
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Painter: Christian Albrecht Jensen 1847 Location: Denmark |
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Artist: unknown, 1852 Location: not specified. |
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Painter: Elisabeth Jerichau-Baumann, 1862 Location: Denmark. |